The Worst Response To Our Grossly Flawed And Biased Application Of The Law Is Fatalism

One of the most significant problems in our country is a grossly flawed and biased application of the rule of law. Making matters indisputably worse? We have a federal administration doing everything it can to reinstitute abusive and discriminatory practices, while at the same time severely undermining the only legislation Congress has passed in decades regarding criminal justice reform. Moreover, in just the last week, our country was painfully reminded that the problems with the application of the law are not a universal, but largely selective to certain demographics.

By now I am sure you have heard Ahmaud Arbery’s name and seen the video of what happened to him. In the small chance you haven’t or have not gone more in depth than the video, David French has provided a thorough and detailed analysis that can be found here. Other than the obvious and ugly similarity between what happened to Arbery and the lynchings of the past, what stands out in the Arbery case is the refusal of Georgia prosecutors to immediately arrest the killers. To be clear, the officers on the scene are claiming they were going to make the arrests immediately, given the abundance of clear and obvious probable cause, but were overruled by the prosecutor’s office.

As French points out, in examining the decision not to initially prosecute in the Arbery case it is worth noting that one of the killers “is a former police detective and investigator” for the district attorney’s office. And while multiple prosecutors did recuse themselves from the case due to this connection, such recusals did not stop one prosecutor from offering a formal opinion that the killers committed no crime. Again, this was in despite of the conclusions reached by the officers who responded to the scene.

Lest anyone think this is a small problem or an isolated issue confined to Arbery’s case or just one Georgia county, consider this: although the majority of illegal drug users and dealers in this country are white, since the war on drugs began (and well into the 21st century) roughly three-fourths of all people imprisoned for drug offenses belong to a minority group. Moreover, this imprisonment disparity continues with our most recent law enforcement applications, such as social distancing laws initiated during our current pandemic.

Given all of the evidence for flaws and biases, a common impetus, as Steven Pinker discusses, might be to gravitate toward a fatalistic view and the belief that “the only hope is to tear down all our institutions,” including the criminal justice system. The danger of subscribing to this fatalism however, is that “we lose sight of what’s working, of what we’ve gained” and that “we risk slipping into extremism.” Again, this does not mean we ignore the flaws and biases that lead to tragedy. The only way to correct flaws and biases is to first acknowledge they exist. In fact, the only way the killers in the Arbery case were eventually charged with murder is due to social outrage.

The point I am trying to make is there are reasons to be optimistic due in large measure to the successes of our country’s institutions (including the “justice” system) and that turning to radicalization and destroying these institutions is a direct threat to that progress. I’ll let Coleman Hughes explain:

From 2001 to 2017, the incarceration rate for black men declined by 34 percent. Even this statistic, however, understates progress by lumping black Americans of all ages together. When you look at age-specific incarceration outcomes, you find two opposing trends: Older black Americans are doing slightly worse than previous generations, but younger black Americans are doing better—so much better that they more than offset, in statistical terms, the backslide of their elders. To put the speed and size of the trend in perspective, between my first day of Kindergarten in 2001 and my first legal drink in 2017, the incarceration rate for black men aged 25–29, 20–24, and 18–19 declined, respectively, by 56 percent, 60 percent, and 72 percent. For young black women, the story is similar: a 59 percent drop for those aged 25–29, a 43 percent drop for those aged 20–24, and a 69 percent drop for those aged 18–19.

As a result of the divergent generational trendlines, the black prison population is not only shrinking; it’s aging too. In 2017, nearly three in ten black male prisoners were 45 years of age or older, up from one in ten in 2001. That may not seem like good news, but it is. The incarceration trendline for young blacks in the recent past predicts the trendline for all blacks in the near future. So the fact that the post-2001 incarceration decline for blacks in general was entirely caused by the plunging incarceration rate for young blacks in particular suggests that, as generational turnover occurs, the black prison population will not only continue to shrink, but will shrink at an accelerating rate. To paraphrase the economist Rick Nevin, our prison system may be overflowing today, but the “pipeline” to prison is already starting to run dry.

The even better news is that the institutional success by those who have traditionally been subjugated the most in this country goes beyond incarceration, as Hughes goes on to explain:

Not only are black Americans healthier and longer-lived than they were two decades ago, they’re also more educated. Between the 1999–2000 and 2016–2017 school years, the number of black students who earned bachelor’s degrees increased by 82 percent, from 108,018 to 196,300. Over the same period, the number of associate’s and master’s degrees awarded to black students more than doubled, rising from 60,208 to 129,874, and 36,606 to 89,577, respectively (population growth accounts for some, but not all or even most, of this growth). 2018 census data showed that 37 percent of black Americans aged 25–34 had some kind of college degree. If black America were its own country, that would place it in between Germany (31 percent) and Spain (43 percent) in terms of educational attainment. What’s more, the economist Raj Chetty has found that black women, though less likely to attend college than white women, are now more likely to attend college than white men from similar socioeconomic backgrounds.

Along with more education has come more upward mobility. The Federal Reserve recently reported that over 60 percent of blacks at every level of educational attainment say they’re doing better financially than their parents—a higher percentage than either whites or Hispanics. And although black men still lag behind white men in terms of upward mobility, Chetty has found that black women now go on to earn slightly higher incomes than white women from similar socioeconomic backgrounds.

What’s needed is not a radicalization of this country, but a deeper commitment to furthering the profound successes that are happening with little fanfare all around us. Yes, we also need to highlight the flaws and abuses, and that need cannot be underestimated. But tearing it all down makes as much sense as doing nothing to correct the flaws and biases where they exist.


Tyler Broker’s work has been published in the Gonzaga Law Review, the Albany Law Review, and is forthcoming in the University of Memphis Law Review. Feel free to email him or follow him on Twitter to discuss his column.

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Biglaw Firms Must Attend To Lawyers’ Mental Health During The COVID-19 Crisis

(Image via Getty)

To me, law firms are their people. And you have to take care of your people, particularly in moments of crisis. Supporting your lawyers is supporting your clients.

— Casey Ryan, Reed Smith’s head of legal personnel, commenting on the importance of law firms investing heavily into mental health. Reed Smith has expanded upon its mental health initiatives during the coronavirus pandemic, noting that it’s imperative for law firms to help their attorneys and staff in their time of need.


Staci ZaretskyStaci Zaretsky is a senior editor at Above the Law, where she’s worked since 2011. She’d love to hear from you, so please feel free to email her with any tips, questions, comments, or critiques. You can follow her on Twitter or connect with her on LinkedIn.

The Pandemic’s Impact On The Legal Industry (Through April)

If you’re a regular reader of Above the Law, you will not be shocked to learn that COVID-19 has had a tremendous impact on the legal industry. Damn near every day we are reporting on layoffs or furloughs or salary cuts or some other austerity measure designed to help firms maintain cash flow and navigate these uncertain times.

The latest jobs report from the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics actually quantifies what even casual observers of the industry know is true — that the legal profession has lost a hella lot of jobs because of the coronavirus. According to BLS, there was a net loss of 64,000 jobs in the legal sector, bringing the total number of jobs in the industry down to 1,097,006. The April report also had updated stats for March, showing 1,700 legal sector jobs were lost that month.

Of course, it isn’t just the legal industry that has taken a hard hit during these tumultuous times. There have been massive job losses across the nation in all industries, a figure BLS puts at 20 million jobs lost in April. And unemployment rose by 10.3 percent, which is the largest monthly increase since January 1948, when records started being kept.

If your firm or organization is reducing the ranks of its lawyers or staff, whether through open layoffs, stealth layoffs, or voluntary buyouts, please don’t hesitate to let us know. Our vast network of tipsters is part of what makes Above the Law thrive. You can email us or text us (646-820-8477).

If you’d like to sign up for ATL’s Layoff Alerts, please scroll down and enter your email address in the box below this post. If you previously signed up for the layoff alerts, you don’t need to do anything. You’ll receive an email notification within minutes of each layoff, salary cut, or furlough announcement that we publish.

Legal Industry Shed 64,000 Jobs in April as Layoffs and Furloughs Spread [Law.com]


headshotKathryn Rubino is a Senior Editor at Above the Law, and host of The Jabot podcast. AtL tipsters are the best, so please connect with her. Feel free to email

Man Who Named His Child A String Of Letters, Numbers And Symbols Wants You To Know He’s Not Messing Around

FEMA Could Help Looming Legal Services Crisis… But It’s Bumbling That Just Like Everything Else

As hard as it is to believe, there was a day not too long ago where people would fret that the Federal Emergency Management Agency was gearing up to enslave the American people. This mostly followed from some New World Order nonsense about the black helicopters and a vague sense of tyranny. Fox Mulder, on the other hand, thought the agency would usher in an alien takeover. As a pandemic runs rampant throughout the country and Puerto Rico is still not meaningfully recovered from a hurricane that happened in 2017, it’s almost impossible to imagine FEMA capable of operating an iPhone let alone the systematic overthrow of constitutional order.

But one thing that FEMA could do to help stem the human cost of the COVID-19 outbreak is set up avenues for legal assistance to those impacted by the fallout from the pandemic. And yet the agency has so far blown this off like it was a request for ventilators.

After most natural disasters, FEMA sets up legal hotlines that are “run through a partnership with the American Bar Association, which provides local attorneys to work for free,” as Rebecca Hersher explains at NPR. But despite not actually requiring FEMA to really do anything, the call still hasn’t been made despite rapidly mounting legal needs — many stemming from landlords illegally locking out tenants and public benefits issues.

At least 30 states have sought “individual assistance,” the FEMA name for spending directed at helping individuals hit by a disaster, with Disaster Legal Services one of the key components in that arsenal. But without federal help, getting these services set up is a nearly impossible:

“We have a handful of state partners that we work with that are very well equipped to respond to disasters, and they have hotlines that they can easily switch on,” explains Linda Anderson Stanley, the director of the Disaster Legal Services program at the [ABA]. But many states have not experienced a disaster that warranted a legal hotline for 10 years or more, “and they don’t have the capacity or the funds to just flip a switch and turn on a hotline.”

Stanley also told NPR, “By now I expected there to be a change. We’re really struggling to figure out where the breakdown is.”

Are you, though?

We already know that Jared Kushner was meddling in the agency’s efforts to undermine the response for the benefit of Republican vendors and Mitch McConnell’s demanding blanket litigation shields for businesses. The flavor of legal problems coming out of this disaster is almost exclusively to the detriment of the Republican donor class. People seeking public benefits and challenging bosses who exposed them to the virus aren’t going to be a high priority for the White House. And, what do you know, that’s where the order to release FEMA funds for individual assistance is tripped up — White House approval.

Because the people at FEMA actually know exactly what they’re doing, but they’re only as capable as their management. So the bright side is that the aliens aren’t going to get us any time soon.

COVID-19 Has Created A Legal Aid Crisis. FEMA’s Usual Response Is Missing [NPR]


HeadshotJoe Patrice is a senior editor at Above the Law and co-host of Thinking Like A Lawyer. Feel free to email any tips, questions, or comments. Follow him on Twitter if you’re interested in law, politics, and a healthy dose of college sports news. Joe also serves as a Managing Director at RPN Executive Search.

Important eDiscovery Insights Lawyers Need To Know About

Today’s eDiscovery software allows lawyers to review documents efficiently, using advanced analytics to quickly comb through the troves of data that are involved in large-scale litigation while collaborating with their teammates.

Everlaw, the leading eDiscovery software-as-a-service platform, recently published a white paper offering an in-depth analysis of user behaviors and trends from 2019-2020. Here are just a few things that were gleaned from the study:

  • Automation is integral to helping law firms and corporations handle eDiscovery needs.
  • Collaboration is becoming increasingly important in today’s global world.
  • Advanced analytics enable legal teams to identify the most valuable information in complex documents.

Want to learn even more? Fill out the form below to view the paper now.

Simpson Thacher’s Bold Plan For Summer Associates

Nothing about this year’s class of Biglaw summer associates (SAs) is going to be typical. Whatever preconceived notions you have about the summer party before the work of Biglaw starts, throw them out the window. The coronavirus’s impact on summer programs has been varied — from cancellation, to shortened programs, to online only. But even among the different options we’re seeing in Biglaw, the summer associate plan at Simpson Thacher & Bartlett is the most unique.

The program starts with fairly typical moves — it will be a shorted (five weeks), online-only program running from July 13 through August 14. For that work, SAs will take home eight weeks’ worth of pay. But SAs at Simpson will have the opportunity to earn even more — an additional $7,500 stipend — if they complete community service work. And as has been reported, the firm revealed this an email to SAs:

“We are incorporating a focus on giving back into our 2020 summer associate program,” the email said. “The combination of 8 weeks’ salary and the $7,500 stipend will result in total compensation of slightly more than 10 weeks of summer associate pay, which is the average duration of our traditional summer program.”

Though some of the details of the community service (like how many hours SAs must volunteer) have yet to be disclosed, actual legal work isn’t required. This distinction sets the Simpson program apart from others like Milbank, Cahill, and Wilson Sonsini which encourage pro bono legal work. The firm has designed the program to encourage community outreach and a wide variety of activities will count toward fulfilling the obligation:

The firm said the services don’t need to be legal in nature and could range from organizing food drives or safely helping the elderly with shopping, leading nonpartisan voter registration initiatives, continuing to help a client from a law school clinic, assisting a nonprofit or small business with Paycheck Protection Program paperwork, “or otherwise identifying a need in whatever community you are living in this summer and developing a way to meet it.”

“Now more than ever, we are in this together, and our approach to community outreach is designed to reflect that,” the email said.

The firm also noted they anticipate “providing full-time offers in the normal course, just as we have done historically, upon the successful completion of our program.”

Law School Proposes Tuition Freeze Amid Pandemic To Make Students’ Lives ‘Easier’

(Image via Getty)

As the pandemic has raged on across the United States, law students have found themselves stuck in situations they never thought they’d be forced to encounter — learning the law remotely on their laptops at home, yet still paying full tuition as if they were able to go to school and interact with their classmates and professors in person. The vast majority of law schools have moved to pass/fail grading structures, but what’s to be done about tuition during these hard times?

One law school is trying to do law students a favor for the upcoming academic year.

Dean Gregory Mandel of Temple University Beasley School of Law has asked the University’s Board of Trustees to approve a tuition freeze for all J.D. law students.

“I’m asking the Board to freeze tuition at this critical time for two reasons,” said Dean Mandel. “The first is about remaining available to talented students who may otherwise be unable to pursue or complete their legal education, which is central to our mission of accessibility. The second is that this is one way we can do our part to get our region and our country back on their feet. It’s just the right thing to do.”

The proposed tuition freeze would apply to both in-state and out-of-state students. The current tuition for full-time, in-state students is $26,980 and $41,354 for full-time, out-of-state students. The current tuition for in-state, part-time evening students is $21,584 and $33,092 for out-of-state students.

“Our law students, like many others at the University, have faced unprecedented challenges over the past few months, and have responded with tremendous resilience and resolve,” said Temple University Provost JoAnne Epps. “This is one thing we can do to make their lives a bit easier, and so we should.”

Given the fact that most law schools still don’t know if they’ll be open for on-campus classes this coming fall given the fluidity of the COVID-19 outbreak, what would really make things easier for students is if everyone were able to pay in-state tuition next year. If anything is certain in these uncertain times, it’s that accumulating less debt would improve law students’ lives.

The Board of Trustees is expected to vote on the proposal sometime today.

If Temple Law succeeds in getting its tuition frozen, will more law schools follow? We certainly hope so. After all, “[i]t’s just the right thing to do.”

Temple Law Proposes Tuition Freeze for Coming Academic Year [Temple Law]


Staci ZaretskyStaci Zaretsky is a senior editor at Above the Law, where she’s worked since 2011. She’d love to hear from you, so please feel free to email her with any tips, questions, comments, or critiques. You can follow her on Twitter or connect with her on LinkedIn.

Toward A Post-Corona IP Culture (Part II)

(Image via Getty)

Last week’s column focused on how our intrafirm relationships must adjust to the “new IP litigation reality.” Even as we know that the pressure of challenging financial times will lead to certain firms being exposed for demanding that productivity should not suffer, COVID-19 be damned. That column also promised this week’s discussion on how a better “post-corona IP culture” will also require improved “dealings with clients and adversaries,” as well as more meaningful “interactions with the broader citizenry.” Let’s jump right in and start with how the current situation provides an opportunity for better dealings with clients and adversaries.

Clients first — as they should always be in our minds. Fortunate is the IP lawyer that has already benefited from the proverbial breaking down of walls between themselves and clients in this unprecedented time. Growing up in Biglaw, one of the competitive advantages my firm (and others) liked to talk about was the close links between firm management and key clients. Links that manifested themselves in annual client visits, or quarterly phone calls, or prized invitations to the firm’s summer golf outing. It seems quaint to think of that time, of the importance given to pressing the flesh, or of the need for firm leaders and relationship partners to hit the skies for personal visits with clients. Yes, those points of contact were no doubt important, if costly. But did they really deepen the relationship between client and firm?

Of course they did, if only at the level of showing appreciation to key customers for their patronage. At the same time, the total overnight collapse of geographic barriers between lawyers and their clients — even as many of us have seen our personal physical spaces become constrained due to movement restrictions — has enabled a new paradigm for deeper relationships with clients. The golf outing has been replaced with the Zoom call, or the text message, or the good old phone call. True, business talk is still paramount in attorney-client relationships, even as discussions of personal circumstances have become de rigueur in what seems like every contact we make with others during the day. But it would be silly of any of us to ignore the possibilities engendered by the current situation to show our clients not only how professional we can be in trying times — but also how empathetic.

The importance of empathy in professional relationships has perhaps never been as paramount a concern as it has been over the past months. And until the situation stabilizes — to the extent it ever does — the need for empathy will remain paramount. As IP lawyers, we can’t be blind to the business uncertainty affecting every single one of our clients, be they individuals or companies. Even those rare clients for whom this has been a boom time have to worry about the uncertain future, when the demand they are currently experiencing for their products and services begins to dissipate. And for those clients that have been hit hard — it has never been more important to try to put their interests before ours, while also continuing to provide our support in whatever way we can. So communicate with clients using all the new tools available. But do so pragmatically, wisely, and with deep empathy for the challenges that have been thrust upon them.

As with clients, so too must we cultivate an elevated, empathy-driven approach to our dealings with adversaries. Just as tolerance for “office bullies” is likely at an all-time low nowadays, so too should our collective tolerance for gamesmanship and professional discourtesy also be at its nadir. Not only is that behavior wasteful in an environment where clients are asking their counsel to get results with even more limited resources than usual, it is doubly wrong when the opportunity to do better is so plainly in front of us. This is not a call for any relaxation of our duty to engage in zealous advocacy of our client’s interests at all times. Instead, this should be a time where the balance between profiting from the errors of our adversaries, or taking actions that disadvantage them to no immediate benefit for our clients, should perhaps tilt toward a spirit of cooperation and cordiality in what is a trying time for all.

Litigators, for example, have no excuse for acting as if courts are operating as usual. Indeed, there have been calls from the bench around the country for assistance from the bar in helping courts address the docket management chaos caused by the pandemic. That call to action must be heeded. And those who choose to ignore it, by perpetuating disputes about tangential issues, or by trying to score cheap points against opposing counsel, should understand that such wasteful actions will likely face swift rebuke by those very same jurists calling for us to cooperate more. Again, those of us fortunate enough to have active litigation dockets would do well to remember that we rarely do our clients a service when our need to vanquish our adversaries is elevated over the client’s objectives in a dispute. That reminder, coupled with the clear call from the bench for cooperation between counsel, should be enough to foster good behavior among IP lawyers. A demographic that — for those who don’t know — was traditionally hailed for the cordial relationship between counsel, no matter how heated the dispute.

We can end with another call to action. If there were ever a time for IP lawyers to help aid in the economic recovery we all know is necessary, it is now. Whether that aid comes in the form of pro bono work for newly displaced workers (or even for businesses facing existential challenges), or in some other form is of no moment. We must all double our existing efforts in terms of making meaningful societal contributions, including by using the technological tools that have allowed many of us to keep our practices going. It is a safe prediction to suggest that IP rights will be even more of a factor in the restarted global economy than they were pre-COVID-19. If we as IP lawyers don’t use our voices and skills to help create a better post-corona IP culture the shame will be ours. If we start by improving our present, that brighter future will surely follow.

Please feel free to send comments or questions to me at gkroub@kskiplaw.com or via Twitter: @gkroub. Any topic suggestions or thoughts are most welcome.


Gaston Kroub lives in Brooklyn and is a founding partner of Kroub, Silbersher & Kolmykov PLLC, an intellectual property litigation boutique, and Markman Advisors LLC, a leading consultancy on patent issues for the investment community. Gaston’s practice focuses on intellectual property litigation and related counseling, with a strong focus on patent matters. You can reach him at gkroub@kskiplaw.com or follow him on Twitter: @gkroub.